![]() Liu C, Neale ZG, Cao G (2016) Understanding electrochemical potentials of cathode materials in rechargeable batteries. ![]() Ionics 23(3):497–540įeng K, Li M, Liu W, Kashkooli AG, Xiao X, Cai M, Chen Z (2018) Silicon-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries: From fundamentals to practical applications. Nano Energy 31:113–143Īrya A, Sharma A (2017) Polymer electrolytes for lithium ion batteries: a critical study. Zuo X, Zhu J, Müller-Buschbaum P, Cheng Y-J (2017) Silicon based lithium-ion battery anodes: a chronicle perspective review. Su X, Wu Q, Li J, Xiao X, Lott A, Lu W, Sheldon BW, Wu J (2014) Silicon-based nanomaterials for lithium-ion batteries: a review. The capacity retention of the silicon component in the powder mixture dropped below 60% after only one cycle, whereas silicon in the composite still has about 70% remaining capacity after 100 cycles. Owing to the presence of the robust carbon shell and internal void space, the yolk-shell composites exhibited significantly better cycling stability than the powder mixture of silicon and graphite. The synthetic phenol-formaldehyde resole resin was used to bind the graphite to the surfaces of the aluminum-silicon alloy particles, and then was thermal cross-linked and carbonized aluminum was gently dissolved into ferric chloride etchant, leaving void space between the carbon shell and silicon core. A low-cost method is developed to prepare yolk-shell composite particles in this study. However, its commercial application is largely limited by the poor cycling stability due to its huge volume change during lithiation and delithiation. Silicon is an attractive anode material for lithium-ion batteries due to its ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity. ![]()
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